Who Won the Civil War

The American Civil War(1861-1865) is etched in our memories for many reasons. This battle led to the loss of hundreds of thousands of lives as a result of a direct conflict between the Northern and the Southern states of the United States of America. The primary issue at hand, was that of slavery as the Northern states wanted it abolished, while the Southern states wanted it to continue. This does not imply that the Southern states were cruel and domineering people who loved ruling over their slaves. They simply needed them to work in their agricultural farms and plantations. Slavery had been around for very long and it had become a way of life for the Southern states and they were unwilling to give it up.

The eventual winners of the American Civil War were the Northern states, but this was a victory that came at the cost of many lives. It was inevitable that the Northern states were to win, because they had rapidly embraced industrialization and had many advanced weapons and machinery in their possession in order to score an emphatic victory.

The Southern states primarily consisted of farmers and agricultural land owners, and their refusal to embrace industrialization played a great part in their loss. World history is rife with instances of an industrialized force triumphing over their less advanced enemies. Once the war had begun in full force, there was never any doubt about the eventual winners. It was only a matter of how long it would take, and how many lives would be lost. Once the war was over, slavery was abolished in the United States, once and for all.

Why the Northern States Won the Civil War...

There are many reasons why the North won the Civil War so comprehensively. The most elemental reason is that they had a larger and superior number of forces and soldiers. The resources at their disposal were immense. Financial resources, manpower, advanced equipment and greater economic leverage are all clear reasons why the Northern states won this war.

Another main reason, why they won was their purpose of fighting, which humanitarian in nature. They were fighting for the abolition of slavery during the war and for the emancipation of the slaves. This gave them a sense of feeling that they were fighting for the right cause. There are many causes for wars, and human freedom is something that cannot be brushed aside as an irrelevant reason. Morally, they were on the right side.

The strategy of the North was set from the very beginning of the war, and sticking to it made it impossible for them to win. The strategy was known as the 'Anaconda Plan', and it primarily focused on driving towards the capital of the Confederacy, Richmond, while simultaneously controlling the Mississippi river. The attacks from the Southern states were disorganized and their strategy was alterable.

Why the Southern States Lost the Civil War...

There are always 2 sides to any story, and if the North won the Civil War due to their superiority in numbers and resources and a proper strategy, the South's loss can also be attributed to a few causes. The Southern states were primarily fighting for individual Governments for each state, and this ultimately led to their downfall. There was no unity within the camp and the very thing that they went to war for was the main reason of their loss. There was a constant battle for supremacy within the states of the Confederacy, and this led to a lack of unison and a strong presence of disorganization.

Jefferson Davis was the face of the Southern states, but he was an incompetent leader. He mixed up his roles of President and general and made a lot of wrong decisions as a result. In the process he assigned a lot of wrong men to prominent roles in the army, and there was never a clear strategy in place. The internal strife and infighting also contributed to the lack of proper organization and unison within the army of the Southern states.

The South never really gained support from European countries due to their inability to get their message across properly. This led to a worldwide condemnation of the Confederacy. For the first 2 years of the war, the South also withheld their cotton production from the rest of the world, and this also played a significant part in their defeat. All these factors combined with the loss of crucial battles at crucial moments meant that the Southern states were heading for an inevitable defeat.

The Southern states had a primarily agrarian society and these were ultimately no match for the rapidly advancing and industrialized armies of the North. The sheer numbers of the North cannot be dismissed as a major role player in the North's ultimate victory. There was only ever going to be one winner of the war.