Uses of Nuclear Energy

Nuclear Energy is the energy that is released from the nucleus of an atom, as it is evident from the term nuclear. During the process, mass gets converted into energy. The relation between mass and energy is given by Einstein's famous formula E=mc², where 'E' is energy, 'm' is mass, and 'c' is the constant speed of light. In brief, nuclear energy is the energy that is obtained from the splitting of uranium atoms in a process known as Nuclear Fission. Although, there are three ways from which nuclear reaction is possible - fission, fusion, and decay, only the energy from the first has been utilized till date.

Reasons to Use Nuclear Energy

Environmental Safety
The process to generate nuclear energy is one of the cleanest processes, and makes lowest impact on the environment. It is due to the fact that nuclear plants do not emit any harmful gases like carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxide and sulfur dioxide, produced from the conventional electricity power plants that threaten atmosphere by increasing global warming. The energy can, hence, be termed as 'emission-free energy'. They require little space for the production, thus, promoting land and habitat preservation. There is absolutely no effect on land, water, and air resources.

Clean Water
The water discharged from nuclear power plants is very safe, is free of radiation or harmful pollutants, and meets all regulatory standards. Hence, it helps in protecting the aquatic life and conserving wildlife.

Reliable
One utmost importance of nuclear energy is reliability. The energy doesn't have to depend upon weather conditions, unpredictable costs, or foreign supplies. It's a reliable source of energy, even during extreme weather changes. The plants can run for about 500 to 700 days continuously, before they are shut down for refueling.

Reduces the Dependence on Fossil Fuels
There has been an increase in production and supply of fossil fuels like oil and gas, as the world has been using them at an unbelievable pace. Their deposits are emptying. On the other hand, nuclear energy requires very little quantity of fuel to produce large quantities of energy. Consider this, one ton of uranium can produce energy that is more than that of several million tons of coal and oil.

Peaceful Uses

There have been great advances in using nuclear energy for peaceful purposes, such as medicinal use of isotopes and radiation techniques. One major ongoing advancement is Sterile Insect Technique (SIT), that helps in large-scale food irrigation and biological control of pests. Other uses are:

Food and Agriculture
The use of isotopes and radiation techniques in agriculture come under this category. Leading organizations have been working on the technology to increase agricultural production, improve food availability and quality, reduce production costs, and minimize pollution of food crop.

Human Health
One very common application of nuclear energy is in the treatment of cancer - radiotherapy. Also, small amounts of radioisotope tracers are used for diagnostic and research purposes. These techniques have helped in monitoring the levels of toxic substances in food, air and water.

Nuclear energy can also be used in industries for processing and sterilization of various products by means of radiation. With so many above-mentioned advantages, nuclear energy is surely the fuel for the 21st century. To conclude, nuclear energy has enormous benefits, but it's up to humans to use it safely, and for peaceful purposes.