Types of Oxygen Masks

You may not have used an oxygen mask unless you are an asthma patient but you have definitely seen one while traveling on an airplane. Remember the air hostess talking about pulling the mask down and wearing it on your face in case of an emergency or in case of high altitudes? That is a typical oxygen mask.

The main purpose of oxygen masks is quite self-explanatory. An oxygen mask supplies oxygen to the wearer of the mask. It is an oxygen delivery device that supplies oxygen from the oxygen storage tank to the lungs of the wearer, it is used only in conditions when a person cannot breathe on his own or cannot draw sufficient amounts of oxygen into the lungs.

Types of Oxygen masks
Before we get into the types of oxygen masks, lets discuss the basic styles. There are four styles of oxygen masks -

• The simple facemask – this is the most common style of oxygen masks. It allows 40% oxygen to be delivered to the wearer but the only problem of this style is that the oxygen is diluted because of poor sealing.
• The Venture Mask – this uses a mechanical vent, which increases the rate at which the oxygen flows into the mask. The only problem here is that it delivers only up to 28% oxygen.
• The Partial Rebreather mask – this is a style that allows almost 60% oxygen to be delivered to the person wearing it and it looks like a non-breather mask, but it is not.
• The Non-breather mask – this is the most effective kind of mask as it allows almost 90% oxygen to be delivered to the person and this can only be used as per prescription and with proper medical attention.

There are two basic types of oxygen masks – oral nasal masks covering only the nose and mouth, and there is the full-face mask and as it suggests it covers the entire face. These masks can be made of plastic, silicone or rubber.

• Medical Plastic Oxygen Masks – these are made of plastic and mostly used by Doctors or other medical care provides for the purpose of oxygen therapy. These plastic masks are disposable and quite cost effective. They are lightweight and transparent and ideal for those who do not want to wear uncomfortable oxygen masks.
• Silicone and Rubber Oxygen Masks – these masks are heavier than plastic but are designed so as to prevent the leakage of oxygen while being worn for long periods of time. These masks are worn by aviators, medical researchers and patients who have suffered from carbon monoxide poisoning and also worn by those in the hyperbaric chamber. These are ideal for 100% inhalation of oxygen.

There are other types of oxygen masks as well, these are:

• Aviation Passenger Oxygen Masks – all commercial airplanes are fitted with oxygen masks in case of emergency situations, for higher altitudes and also for when the cabin pressurization system isn’t working too well. These masks will automatically drop from overhead compartments when the oxygen levels drop below safe levels and these are used to prevent hypoxia.
• Self Contained Breathing Apparatus/Oxygen Masks – these types of masks are used by firefighter and Emergency Medical care workers. These are full-face masks and provide oxygen to the lungs along with protecting the eyes and the face. These masks are attached to an oxygen storage tank, which can be carried as a backpack.
• Specialized Oxygen Masks for divers and astronauts – these are special full face masks which supply oxygen and other breathing gases to astronauts and divers and can aid in removing nitrogen from the bloodstream before space walks or underwater decompression.
• Oxygen Masks for high altitude – these are special oxygen masks used for those who climb mountains of extreme height like the Mt. Everest or the Himalayas. These oxygen tanks are like bottles of lightweight high strength metal and are filled with oxygen under high pressures. The high-pressure process allows the oxygen to last longer.

Using an oxygen mask can very well save your life in situations of emergency. But be careful about using them as the instructions.