Types of Edible Mushrooms

Mushrooms have turned out to be a magical ingredient in many cuisines worldwide. These lend a very unique taste to whichever dish they are added to. There are many different types of mushrooms that are found in the wild, however, not all are the edible varieties. Few mushrooms are even of the poisonous kinds therefore; one has to be really careful when it comes to choosing the mushrooms. Even then, one need not really worry since there are plenty of edible mushrooms that are cultivated worldwide. There are some varieties that are difficult to cultivate, therefore, these end up being the most prized of all varieties. Here, we shall take a look at the various types of edible mushrooms found in markets all over.

Types of Edible Mushrooms:

Table Mushroom/Agaricus Bisporus:
Agaricus Bisporus or the Table mushroom is one of the most common types of edible mushrooms that are used in various preparations. This type of mushroom is known locally in different ways such as the Table mushroom or the Button mushroom. The problem area of this mushroom can be seen when it is sliced and exposed to air. This causes the mushrooms to turn a shade of brown.

Shiitake/Lentinula Edodes:
This edible mushroom is also known as the Fragrant mushroom, Black mushroom or even the Black Forest mushroom. Shiitake was basically grown in China since the ancient days. Today, this mushroom is cultivated in many areas of the world and is also exported. Shiitake mushrooms also have certain medicinal properties apart from being used in different cuisines. This mushroom is widely used in Chinese cuisine as well and has also found a prominent place in Western cuisine.

Porcini/Boletus Edulis:
The Porcini is also known as the Penny bun or Cep and is a highly prized variety of mushrooms. This mushroom is basically found in Europe and areas of North America. These particular types of mushroom also have a distinct aroma and are used in various types of soups. Many claim this mushroom tastes its best when raw! It is generally sold fresh or even dried and packaged off to be distributed across the world.

Giant Puffball/Calvatia Gigantea:
The Giant Puffball mushrooms are round or pear shaped and white or slightly grey in color. They basically grow during summer and fall season. The Giant Puffballs usually occur in woods, barren areas, lawns and fields across the globe. The name has been given because this mushroom can grow to a diameter of 70 cms and can even reach 150 cms in some cases! This variety of mushroom is best eaten when it’s relatively young.

Field Mushroom/Agaricus Campestris:
This variety of mushroom is available commonly and is found in fields and grassy areas. Unlike other mushrooms, which are cultivated commercially, this mushroom having a short shelf life is not grown for commercial purposes. The Field mushroom is also known as the Meadow mushroom and is known for its very mild taste.

Morchella:
Morchella is an edible mushroom that is considered to be amongst the prized possessions by many cooks. They belong to the genus – Morels. These mushrooms particularly grow in the same spot even after many years. There have been cases where these mushrooms may have caused certain health related problems therefore, one needs to be very careful about preparing the same to get rid of all the toxins.

These are just a few of the various types of edible mushrooms available. One always needs to ensure they are cooked well to remove any kind of toxins that may be present in the varieties, even if they fall under the category of edible mushrooms.