Recurrent Yeast Infections

Yeast (candida) is a fungus that can live anywhere, including the human body. In normal conditions, the immune system of the human body controls the yeast from multiplying. But once the immune system becomes weak, the yeast starts multiplying and cause infections. It can affect warm and moist parts of the body, like the mouth, esophagus, rectum, vagina, and even the blood. Both men and women get affected by this condition, but yeast infection is more common in females in the form of vaginal candidiasis caused by 'candida albicans'. Even children are not spared from yeast infections, as their immune system is weak as compared to adults. However, recurrent yeast infections are common among women. According to some studies, almost 75% of women get affected by candidiasis or yeast infection at least once during their lifetime. Among them, recurrent infections are experienced by about 40% of women.

Causes of Recurrent Yeast Infection

The basic cause for vaginal yeast infection is a change in the vaginal environment, which is normally acidic in nature. Human body maintains a healthy balance of fungi and bacteria. Changes in the vaginal acid balance may lead to candida overgrowth in the area, leading to infection. The following are some of the main causes of recurrent yeast infections.

• Antibiotics and yeast infections are linked, as the former, which are taken to cure some other diseases can cause yeast infection or sometimes aggravate this condition. Antibiotics destroy the beneficial bacteria in the vagina that helps to control the multiplication of fungi. Once the bacteria is destroyed, fungi get multiplied, causing yeast infection.
• Another reason for recurring yeast infection is the hormonal changes in females during pregnancy and menstruation.
• Diseases like diabetes, insulin intolerance, and HIV/AIDS can be a reason for the fungal growth and the resultant yeast infection in the vagina.
• High intake of sugar and refined foods may also lead to recurrent yeast infections.
• It has also been observed that stress and lack of sleep can be one of the causes of repeated yeast infections in women.
• It is also believed that the fungi strains develop resistance to the drugs used by the affected person, and the drug becomes ineffective in controlling and eliminating the infection.

All these factors can contribute to repeated yeast infections, the main being a weak immune system. Such infections can also be experienced by women who use oral contraceptives regularly, and also those who wear tight undergarments made of nylon or Lycra, which trap moisture and heat.

Symptoms and Treatment

The most common symptoms of yeast infections are burning sensation and itching in the vagina. Some people may experience redness too. In order to be classified as recurrent yeast infections, a person must get affected for more than four times a year. Severe cases are also characterized by rashes on the infected area, which can be tender and sore. This condition can be painful with a thick whitish discharge from the vagina which may be foul-smelling. While infrequent vaginal candidiasis can be successfully treated with topical therapy, recurrent yeast infections need personalized treatment based on the basic cause. Recurrent yeast infection treatment include antifungal medication as per the patient's conditions.

It is better to avoid the use of some of the causal agents, like oral contraceptive pills and sugary, starchy foods. You can also go in for some over-the-counter medicines or home remedies for yeast infections. However, it is always advisable to consult a doctor for a proper diagnosis and treatment or recurrent yeast infections.