Receding Gums

Receding gums means a loss of gum tissue and the consequent exposure of the roots of the teeth. It is also called gingival recession. Gum recession is a normal part of the aging process. It generally occurs in adults over the age of 40. However, in some people, it may also start from the teens. This can be detected by feeling the top of the teeth at the gum line. If there is a feeling of a notch below the gum line, it implies that gum recession has started and this would hasten the decay of healthy teeth.

Causes

• genetic reasons
• harsh brushing or "toothbrush abrasion"
• periodontal or gum disease
• misaligned teeth
• excessive plaque build-up at the gum line

Process of Gum Recession

Initially, bacteria containing plaque builds up on the teeth and gums. If the plaque is not removed on a daily basis, toxins are created that irritate and inflame the gums. This inflammatory process destroys the gum tissues and this results in their separation from the tooth. Spaces called "pockets" are formed and these hold more bacteria, thereby aggravating the problem. Such a recession of gums is best prevented by brushing with a soft toothbrush, using a mild to moderate pressure and small, circular or brief back and forth motions. Hard toothbrush bristles and long horizontal brush strokes with excessive pressure have to be avoided.

Overcoming the Problem

For misaligned teeth, the orthodontist uses braces or some other treatments. In case of plaque build-up, regular cleanings are desirable. Those who have severely receded gums, using a graft from another part of the mouth is the only option for treatment. If exuberant brushing is the cause of gum recession, then a soft bristled toothbrush must be used. Due to heredity, some people are predisposed to gum recession. These must maintain proper oral hygiene like daily brushing, flossing and frequent visits to the dentist. Dentists will always recommend that proper flossing is more significant than brushing. Herbal or homeopathic solutions are chosen by some people. However, it should be noted that these are not regulated by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Some people have gum disease along with receding gums. They must visit the dentist to confirm any pockets in the gum or bone loss.

For those who have healthy teeth and gums, the dentist drills holes in the teeth and fills them with a material that prevents the gums from withdrawing. This is a very popular method. In another method, the smooth surface of the tooth is roughened with a dental drill. Adhesive or filling material is applied to the tooth to form a light coating and allowed to dry slightly. Then, the teeth are "cured" by exposing them to a special blue light at a high intensity. Then, another layer of adhesive material is applied. This second method is not approved by the American Dental Association.

Treatment Options

• Nutritional supplements like phosphorus, magnesium, calcium, vitamin B complex and vitamin C are sometimes prescribed for prevention of decay and repair of gum tissue
• Fillings and crowns that do not meet correctly have to be amended
• Grinding and clenching of teeth must be stopped
• To desensitize the exposed teeth, some agents in solution form are applied to the sensitive area using a cotton swab
• Composite resins or other types of fillings like amalgam or gold may be placed in the tooth

Treatment of receding gums is essential for comfort and to preserve the health of the teeth. If the gums recede and expose the lower part of the tooth, then this part is found to be very sensitive. There is discomfort to consume hot or cold foods or liquids. Also, there is more risk of tooth decay as well as poor bite, periodontal disease, sore jaw and tooth loss.