Propylene Glycol Dangers

Propylene glycol, which is also known as propane-1,2-diol or 1,2-propanediol is a colorless, clear and nearly odorless viscous liquid, that has a faintly sweet taste. Industrially, propylene glycol is a type of alcohol and is made by fermenting yeast and carbohydrates together. The properties are that, it is miscible in water and a highly inflammable liquid. We use many products in our day-to-day life without being aware that this chemical additive is a key ingredient in that product.

Dangers of Propylene Glycol

Though the U.S. Food and Drug Administration has determined that minimal amounts of propylene glycol present in various products like pharmaceuticals, cosmetics and foods pose no health risks, if the exposure to this chemical increases or large amounts have been ingested, they cause certain health disorders and also have a few potential dangers.

• Too much of this additive disturbs the body chemistry and triggers the excess production of acid. This, in turn, can give rise to metabolic problems. Ingesting excessive amounts can cause abnormalities in the heart, liver and kidney diseases, which can lead to atrophic kidney.
• If this liquid spills on the skin, it may cause irritation to the skin and rashes may appear, which may cause a burning sensation. Washing the exposed area of the skin with soap and water, will help in reducing the irritation and inflammation. In case of appearance of rashes, antibacterial cream must be applied on the affected area, immediately to avoid it from becoming intense.
• Individuals who have ingested fairly large amounts of propylene glycol might experience stomach pain, nausea and vomiting. The individual may also experience some gastrointestinal problems like hemorrhoids (swollen blood vessels), abdominal cramping, diarrhea and polyps in stomach, etc.
• Propylene glycol tends to get converted to gas at a particular temperature. Lack of proper ventilation can cause breathing problems to individuals who are exposed to areas where there is a high concentration of fumes. Individuals who have inhaled huge amounts of the fumes may require supplemental oxygen.
• Liquid or vaporized propylene can cause mild irritation to the eyes. It may also induce redness and pain. In order to provide relief to the irritability, flush the eyes with cold, sterile water.

Uses of Propylene Glycol

It is a major ingredient in various home care and other products. Here are some of the applications.

• Propylene glycol is used in various food products like salad dressings, fat free ice creams, food colorings, popcorn, sour cream and cake mixes. It is also used as a preservative and prevents certain foods from freezing.
• It is used in household items like sanitizers, room deodorizers, cleaners and automotive antifreezes.
• This substance is an additive in various cosmetics and toiletries like shampoos, soaps, lotions, lipsticks, antiperspirants and creams.
• It is the main ingredient is deodorant sticks, massage oils and is also a carrier in fragrance oils.
• Propylene glycol is used as a coolant in many liquid cooling systems and as a working fluid in hydraulic presses. It is also used in black light or UV tattoo ink.
• It is used as a solvent in pharmaceuticals like oral, topical and injectable formulations.

Propylene glycol is used in the form of a variety of products that are used in the households everyday. Another potential danger is that it is highly flammable. Hence extreme care and precautions must be exercised while storing it, as heat and moisture are known enemies and can cause flammability. In order to extinguish fire caused by propylene glycol, you can use a water spray, dry fire suppression or foam.