Newborn Acne

Acne in newborn babies can be a really annoying problem for parents. However, it is a harmless condition and it disappears on its own within a couple of weeks or a month. It has been observed that almost 20% of the newborn babies can get acne, which is also known as neonatal acne and acne infantum within a few weeks after their birth. The incidence of neonatal acne has been found to be more in baby boys than baby girls. Typically, it looks like a rough red rash, and it appears more commonly on the face, cheek and the scalp.

Apart from neonatal acne, babies can get two other similar conditions, known as milia and infantile acne. Milia can be present at birth or it can develop during the first week after birth. It can be distinguished by the appearance of white bumps on the skin of the face and the scalp. Infantile acne on the other hand, develops after 3 months and later. The condition causes small yellow papules and pustules on the face. Infantile acne can be more severe than neonatal acne rash.

What Causes Acne in Infants?

Generally, the condition is considered to be triggered by the over secretion of sebum or oil, which eventually clogs the skin pores. The sebaceous glands of the babies are usually stimulated by the maternal hormones present in their body. Usually, the baby gets exposed to maternal hormones during the last months of pregnancy, or during breastfeeding. These maternal hormones stimulate the sebaceous glands to produce excess sebum, which clogs the skin pores. The baby's skin pores are not fully developed, for which they get blocked easily. The pimples continue to appear, until the hormones are cleansed from the baby's system. In addition to maternal hormones, another common cause can be intake of certain medications during nursing.

How to Treat Acne in Infants?

Medical treatment and medications are usually not required for newborn or neonatal acne. The condition typically subsides on its own within a few weeks. Sometimes, however, it can last for a couple of months. Rarely, topical medications can be required, especially for severe acne treatment. But, medications including, the topical medications should be used only under the guidance of a pediatrician. In most cases, baby acne resolves gradually within a few weeks with adequate baby care which includes, cleaning the affected area of the skin with gentle washing. A mild baby soap and clean water are all that is required to cleanse the baby's face and other areas, once in a day. However, keep in mind that too much washing, as well scrubbing, the affected area can aggravate the condition.

In addition to these, baby clothes should be washed in a mild, chemical free detergent, that is especially formulated for their soft and sensitive skin. Parents should also avoid washing their clothes in harsh detergents and they should wear light and soft fabric clothes while holding the baby. Acne is aggravated by factors like, contact with saliva, milk or baby formula, and spit-up. So, never allow these to sit on your baby's skin for a long time. These substances can clog the skin pores of the baby, and thus worsen the skin problem. Apart from these, never apply any cream, lotion or oil on the affected area of the skin.

The best way to clear up acne is to keep the affected area clean and dry. However, if it persists for more than 3 months or if it worsens with time, then it is advisable to evaluate the condition with the help of a pediatrician. This would help to ascertain and address the underlying factors responsible for this condition.