Magnesium Overdose

Mg is the chemical symbol of the element magnesium, which is the eighth most abundant element in the Earth's crust. It is also the fourth most abundant mineral in human body. Being an essential part of more than 300 biochemical reactions taking place in the human body, magnesium is one of the most crucial minerals required for health and well-being. While magnesium deficiency can manifest in muscle weakness, softening or weakening of bones, spasms, elevated blood pressure, nausea, vomiting, increased heart rate and arrhythmia, an overdose can also create health problems.

Functions of Magnesium
As has been mentioned already, magnesium plays a very important role in about 300 biochemical reactions in the body. Almost half of this mineral can be found in the bones, and it is known to take part in bone formation. It also strengthens the bones and relaxes the muscles and nerves. It can play a very significant role in maintaining the level of calcium, potassium, vitamin D, zinc and certain other important nutrients in the body. Some other noteworthy functions of magnesium are, regulation of blood sugar and blood pressure, energy production, normal circulation of blood, protein synthesis, proper functioning of the nerves and muscles and regulation of heart rhythm.

Excessive Magnesium in the Body
It is quite rare. An overdose of this mineral is unlikely to be caused by the intake of magnesium rich foods. Instead, it is usually associated with the overdose of supplements and medications containing magnesium. Medications that usually contain this mineral are laxatives, antacids and certain narcotics. As magnesium is water soluble, any excess amount is usually removed from the body in the urine, feces and sweat. So, an overdose is likely, if an individual has certain underlying medical conditions, that hinder the elimination of the excess amount of this mineral from the body. Therefore, people with renal or kidney failure, chronic constipation and elderly are at an increased risk for experiencing this condition, along with those who take magnesium along with medications like laxatives and antacids, that already contain this mineral.

Magnesium Toxicity Symptoms
It can usually manifest in the following symptoms:

• Muscle weakness and fatigue
• Diarrhea
• Hypotension or low blood pressure
• Decreased reflexes or neuromuscular depression
• Low pulse and cardiac arrhythmias
• Drowsiness
• Confusion
• Disorientation
• Slurred speech

Magnesium Toxicity Treatment
Most of the minor effects or symptoms can be resolved by discontinuing the intake of the particular medication or supplement that contains magnesium. At the same time, one needs to immediately report his or her physician on observing the symptoms of overdose. A physician would prescribe the appropriate medications, after measuring the level of magnesium in the body. Usually, this condition is treated with gluconate injection and dextrose. Sometimes insulin is also administered to treat this condition.

While taking magnesium supplements, it is always better to talk to your physician, regarding the risk factors for overdose or toxicity. This is particularly applicable for the individuals with certain underlying conditions like kidney problems or renal failure, chronic constipation, as well as those who are on dialysis. Also, be sure to keep in mind that overdose is also possible, if you do not drink enough fluid or water to flush out the excess amount of this mineral from your body.