List of Bacteria

Bacteria are single-celled microorganisms that multiply in colonies and add up to millions at a time. These can be found anywhere, from the earth's soil to the most unusual of places where they thrive. Their cell structures, which you will find out about later, are very different from that of animals and plants. They may not be visible to the naked eye, but they're very much existent among us. These can be healthy bacteria that we need for different bodily functions, or the destructive kind that can make us fall ill. We delve into the classification of bacteria, in a list of bacteria and viruses.

Bacteria Anatomy

One bacterium isn't the same structure as that of another, and can range from one type to the next in terms of how they look. That is mainly how scientists and bacteriologists identify them, based on these visual properties.

• Spiral shaped bacteria are known as spirilla in plural, and spirillus in singular. If coil structures are tightly woven around the bacterium, these are known as spirochete.
• Spherical bacteria are known as cocci in plural, and coccus in singular.
• Rod shaped bacteria are known as bacilli in plural, and bacillus in singular. Those bacteria which are curvy in shape are known as vibrio.

Places Where Bacteria are Found

There is a vast difference between helpful and harmful types of bacteria. It isn't necessary to find bacteria in dirty, unhygienic places - these can also be found on surfaces/places around us, even if they come off as clean through the naked eye.

• Ocean depths and even the stratosphere
• Earth's crust
• Soil
• Animal fur
• Water
• Radioactive waste
• Hot springs
• Organic matter
• Plants
• Glaciers and Arctic ice

Bacteria Lists

Gram positive bacteria when put under 'gram staining' are tinted with a violet/blue color. Unlike gram negative bacteria which cannot retain the crystal violet stain, these can. Gram negative bacteria take on instead fuchsine or safranin stains, that appear pink and red.

So when gram positive and negative bacteria go through the gram staining process, the positive is found to be able to retain the crystal violet stain due to the high amount of peptidoglycan content in the cell wall. Negatives like mentioned, cannot retain this color after it is washed in a decolorizing solution.

This is how scientists are able to distinguish the two based on how they react to the stain colors. Here's a list of bacterial names covering all kinds of bacteria, that you may not have heard about before. You'll find those in the following different types of bacteria list.

Gram Positive Bacteria	Gram Negative Bacteria
S. saprophyticus	Proteus spp.
S. bovis	Escherichia coli
C. urealyticum	Morganella
Staph aureus	N. gonorrhea
Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae	Moraxella catarrhalis
B. cereus	N. meningitidis
S. pneumoniae	Klebsiella pneumoniae
A. adiacens	Aeromonas hydrophila
S. mitis group	Providencia
S. agalactiae	Stenotrophomonas maltophilia
S. lugdunensis	Enterobacter cloacae
C. jelkenium	Haemophilus aphrophilus
Lactobacillus sp.	Cariobacter hominis
Arcanobacterium bemolyticum	H. influenzae
Listeria monocytogenes	Alkaligenes
C.septicum	Burkholderia cepacia
Veillonella	H. parainfluenzae
Eubacterium	Pasturella multocida
Clostridium sp.	Kingella kingae
C. difficile	Brucella sp.
C. perfringens	C. jejuni

List of Bacteria with Capsules

The protective structure that surrounds fungi or bacteria, is protein that is a part of a capsule. It is a material called polysaccharide, that is held in place by covalent attachments to either lipid-A molecules or phosholipid. This layer is outside the bacterium's cell wall. This extracellular layer protects the cell from outside elements that could prove to be dangerous like desiccation or phagocytosis. These bacteria can be the cause of various infectious diseases which can develop within a person's system. These kinds of capsule bacteria fall under gram positive and negative bacteria lists.

• Klebsiella pneumoniae
• Escherichia coli
• Streptococcus pyogenes
• Haemophilus influenzae
• Bacillus megaterium

List of Viruses

A virus which is a small infectious agent, is able to only replicate within an organism, within its cell structure that is. A single viral particle is referred to as 'virion'. It can transfer from one plant to another, from one animal to another, from one plant to an animal, and even to humans. There are different ways in which one can get a viral infection like by being in contact with someone who has the flu, a cold or sexually transmitted disease.

Virus List
Bunyavirus	Calicivirus	Carona (diarrhea)
Atrovirus	Kawasaki virus	Flavivirus
Echovirus	Enterovirus	Ebola
Reovirus	Bacille Calmette-Guerin	Burkitt's Lymphoma
Enterovirus	Cytomegalo	Togavirus
Coronavirus (common cold)	Filovirus	Epstein-Barr virus
Hepadnavirus	Encephalitis	Human Papillomavirus
Rubella	Orthomyxovirus	Coxsackievirus
Herpes Varicella Zoster-virus	Paramyxovirus	Norovirus
Papova	Herpes HHV 6	Rhabdovirus
Poxvirus	Caliciavirus	Scrapie

Bacteria in Urine

The most common types of bacteria that are found in urine, are what causes different diseases, including bacterial infections in the human body. Problems like STDs, Urinary Tract Infection, formation of urinary tract stones, and so on, are brought on by these bacteria.

• Chlamydia
• Lactobacillus
• Proteus
• Escherichia coli (E.coli)
• Mycoplasma

The compiled lists cover most of the bacterium types out there, including the viruses that bring about certain illnesses. I hope this serves as an apt source of knowing what kind of bacteria exist among us.