Libya

Libya, a petroleum-rich Arab nation located in North Africa, is Africa's fourth largest country. Libya gained independence in 1951 as the United Kingdom of Libya. In 1969, Col. Muammar al-Qaddafi led a military coup that ended the monarchy and proclaimed the Libyan Arab Republic. In 1977 its name was changed to the Popular Socialist Libyan Arab Jamahiriya. The Mediterranean Sea lies to the north, Egypt and Sudan to the east, Tunisia and Algeria to the west, and Chad and Niger to the south. Tripoli, on the Mediterranean coast, is the capital. The articles below provide information about Libya.
Articles

Appeal Judges Bar Removal of 'key Al-qaida Deputy'
Appeal court blocked the removal of the Jordanian Abu Qatada, and two Libyans

German Military Police Officers Accused of Training Libyans
Superiors did not know about the sessions organized by a private security company

Darfur Talks Stutter As Rebels Fail to Show Up
Hope for any positive result from the Darfur peace talks, which opened in Libya this weekend, hung in the heat here yesterday as elusively as the chance of a breeze.

Peace Talks Will Fail, Says Rebel Leader
Head of biggest faction to boycott Libya negotiations· Doubts cast over Gadafy's role as honest broker

Behind Gadaffi's Facade of Freedom
As Libya's dictator celebrates 38 years in power, the West is beating a path to his door. Jason Burke reports from Tripoli.

Vital Lockerbie Evidence 'was Tampered With'
Fragments of bomb timer that helped to convict a Libyan ex-agent were 'practically carbonised' before the trial, says bankrupt Swiss businessman.

59 Adrift Off Libya Saved By Call to Uk
· Satellite phone call from leaky boat sparks rescue · Ill-equipped craft put to sea by people smugglers

Gadafy's Son Calls for Free Media and Judiciary
Muammar Gadafy's son and likely heir has called for a new constitution or 'social contract' that would establish an independent judiciary, central bank and free media while also ensuring his father stays in power and that Islam remains the source of Libya's laws.

Guantánamo Man's Family Release 'torture' Dossier
· Relatives of UK resident publicize allegations· Family of Libyan national release detailed dossier

High Price for Freedom
Leader: The release of the nurses is welcome, but it is not the first time that the Libyan leader, Muammar Gadafy, has reaped reward from past misdeeds.

Libyan Granted New Appeal Over Lockerbie Conviction
Scottish criminal cases review commission voices concerns over conviction of Abdelbaset Ali Mohmed al-Megrahi.

Another Step in Libya's Rehabilitation
Analysis: The Scottish legal review into the Lockerbie bombing case poses some intriguing questions for Muammar Gadafy and his rapidly improving relations with the west. By Ian Black

BP Marks Return to Libya With $900m Gas Deal
Firm allowed to explore onshore and offshore sites - Agreement could help plug Russian gap

UN Rebuke As Governments Squabble Over Immigrants Found Clinging to Tuna Nets
26 migrants from Libya left at sea as row continues - Official says 57 seen last week presumed drowned

Libya Takes the Long Road to the Free Market
Muammar Gadafy is making cautious concessions to a changing world, but the Libyan leader shows no sign of disappearing from centre stage, Ian Black reports from Tripoli.

Hello and Welcome: Frost Takes the Desert Road for an Audience With The Leader
Gadafy says Libya cannot fight against globalisation - Interview gives no sign of hope for democracy

First Trial Over Libya's Nuclear Bomb Plan Collapses
The international effort to get to grips with the world's worst nuclear proliferation racket suffered a serious setback yesterday when the first criminal trial of an alleged top figure collapsed.

The Perils of Underestimating Ahmadinejad
Mahmoud Ahmadinejad is the latest in a long line of American bogeymen: Libya's Colonel Gadafy, Panama's Manuel Noriega, Serbia's Slobodan Milosevic, Iraq's Saddam Hussein and al-Qaida's Osama bin Laden, to name a few.

Washington Restores Ties With Gadafy
The US said yesterday it is to restore full relations with Libya for the first time in more than 25 years, after having once branded its leader, Muammar Gadafy, as one of the world's most dangerous men and a supporter of international terrorism.

US Brings Libya in From the Cold
The US has ended a three-decade cold war with Libya and announced that it no longer considers the country a state sponsor of terrorism.

Briton Accused of Central Role in Libya's Nuclear Bomb Plan
· Businessman named in trial of German engineer · Peter Griffin alleged to be member of Khan network

Disgrace in the Desert
Libyan rape victims face arranged marriages or staying locked up in 'rehabilitation' centres, writes Brian Whitaker.

At Least Nine Killed in Libya As Cartoon Protests Escalate
The furor over the prophet Muhammad cartoons hit a new peak last night when at least nine people were reported dead in the Libyan city of Benghazi after a mob set fire to the Italian consulate.

Protest to Libya After Satellites Jammed
British and US diplomats have protested to the Libyan government after two international satellites were illegally jammed, knocking off air dozens of TV and radio stations serving Britain and Europe and disrupting American diplomatic, military and FBI communications.

BP and Shell Miss Out on Oil Rights
BG has won the right to explore in two areas of oil-rich Libya, but BP and Shell have emerged empty-handed from a new round of licensing.

Prison Move for Convicted Libyan
The Libyan secret agent convicted of the Lockerbie bombing was moved yesterday from his specially constructed 'Gadafy's cafe' cell to Greenock prison where he will be free to mix with other inmates.

Guantánamo Inmate Tells of Libyan Death Threat
Claim that US allowed Gadafy agents to interrogate UK resident.

Gadafy Hands Over Islamist Wanted for Kidnapping Tourists
One of the wealthiest and most powerful armed Islamists in north Africa, Amar Saifi, was yesterday behind bars in his home country of Algeria following the intervention of Libya's Muammar Gadafy. Saifi was the number two in Algeria's main violent Islamist organisation, the Salafist Group...

Pay Rommel's Debt, Gadafy Tells Schröder
Libya demands compensation for landmines left over from 1940s. President Muammar Gadafy yesterday embarrassed his latest high-profile western visitor, the German chancellor Gerhard Schröder, by demanding compensation for thousands of landmines left in the Libyan desert during the second world war.

A Two-way Thing
Gas flows in and would-be immigrants flow out, as Italy gets cosy with Libya, reports Sophie Arie.

Ian Black on Muammar Gadafy's Remarkable Journey in From the Cold
No one paid much attention recently when Libya signed a deal paying compensation to the victims of the 1986 bomb attack on the La Belle discotheque in Berlin - but it was the final instalment in Muammar Gadafy's remarkable journey in from the cold.

Gadafy Calls for Journalists to Be Freed
11.45am: Libyan leader Muammar Gadafy today added his voice to growing calls from the Arab world for the release of the two French journalists being held hostage in Iraq. By Claire Cozens and agencies.

Gadafy Visits European Commission
Muammar Gadafy today made his first trip to Europe in 15 years, but in the shadow of a damning Amnesty report into Libyan human rights abuses.

Brussels Visit Moves Gadafy Closer to Europe
Libya's Colonel Muammar Gadafy is to continue his long journey in from the cold by normalising ties with the European Union in a landmark visit to Brussels. Following last month's meeting with Tony Blair in his desert headquarters, the Libyan leader is holding talks with Romano Prodi, the...

Lockerbie's Dirty Secret
As he basks in the success of his controversial visit to Libya, the prime minister has to grapple at once with an awkward letter.

UK Firms Line Up Big Libya Deals
Blair praises Gadafy's courage ahead of historic visit.

US Lifts Libya Travel Ban
The US lifted a long-standing ban on travel to Libya today after Tripoli reaffirmed that it was responsible for the Lockerbie bombing. Washington's move to cancel the travel ban had been expected but was put in doubt by remarks on Tuesday by the Libyan prime minister, Shukri Ghanem...

Libyan Pm 'backtracks' Over Cooperation
Libya's prime minister, Shokri Ghanem, appeared to backtrack today over the country's admissions of responsibility for the murder of WPC Yvonne Fletcher and the Lockerbie bombing. In a switch from the more concilatory tone of the country's foreign minister, who visited London earlier this...

Handshake Clinches Libya's Return From Isolation
Tony Blair is planning to meet the Libyan president, Muammar Gadafy, provided progress continues.

US Tests the Air in Reformed Libya
Congressmen arrive on first friendly visit to Gadafy regime.

Row Brews Over Un Role in Libya
The US and Britain are to open their first direct negotiations today with UN nuclear inspectors over how to scrap Libya's secret nuclear bomb project, amid a row over who should be in charge. The contest over Libya is the third in less than a year, following furious rows between the...

Libya Agrees Payout for French Jet Bombing
Libya signed a long-awaited compensation accord yesterday with the families of 170 people killed in the bombing of a French airliner.

UN Watchdog to Scrap Libya's Nuclear Project
IAEA team may fly to Tripoli at weekend. Nuclear inspectors are to travel to Libya, perhaps as early as the weekend, to begin dismantling Colonel Muammar Gadafy's covert nuclear bomb project.

New Statesman: Gadafy Turns Reformer
Is the original comedy terrorist leading Libya down new path?

David Aaronovitch: Sticks and Carrots in Libya
The turning of Gadaffi could well encourage other dodgy holders of WMD down the road of peace. Tony Blair's Friday night triumph may have seemed underwhelming for one main reason: not many people knew that Libya had weapons of mass destruction to begin with.

Lockerbie Relatives See Un End Libya Sanctions
The United Nations security council yesterday ended 11 years of sanctions against Libya, clearing the way for 270 families of the Lockerbie bomb victims to each be paid $4m, or £2.5m, compensation. After several delays, due to French threats of a veto unless Libya increased...

UN Cleared to End Libya Sanctions
France's foreign minister said yesterday that an agreement with Tripoli on compensation for the victims of the 1989 UTA airliner bombing meant Paris would now vote for UN sanctions against Libya to be lifted. Paris had repeatedly delayed the UN vote, saying it would not agree to ending...

Libya Sanctions Lifting Delayed
French threaten veto unless UTA families agree.

British Firms Set Sights on Libya
British firms that had been hoping to do business in Iraq after the fall of Saddam Hussein are switching their attention to Libya as a more promising market. With UN sanctions likely to be lifted tomorrow or Thursday, Muammar Gadafy's oil-rich North African state is coming in from the...

Libya strikes deal on French jet bomb
Libya has reached agreement with France on compensation for the 1989 bombing of a French airliner, Libyan leader Muammar Gadafy said last night, adding that the deal should allow the Lockerbie case to be closed, and that it marked a fresh start in relations with the West.

Lockerbie Brother: 'i Don't Want £6m, I Want the Truth'
The brother of a victim of the Lockerbie disaster has vowed to reject a multi-million pound compensation deal from Libya because he does not believe it has been proved guilty of the attack. Law lecturer Alistair Berkley was a 29-year-old passenger on the New York-bound Boeing 747 which...

Lockerbie Deal to End Libya's Isolation
Tripoli accepts responsibility in move to end sanctions.

Way cleared for hostages to be freed
Fifteen European tourists kidnapped four months ago in the Sahara may be released soon because the Algerian authorities have promised their kidnappers free pasage to Libya.

Libya Offers Cash to Quit 'axis of Evil'
Libya will ask to be removed from Washington's "axis of evil" list after it has paid the families of the 270 victims of the Lockerbie bombing $10m (£6.3m) each, its foreign minister, Abdel Rahman Shalgham, told the Agence France Press news agency yesterday. "Libyan businessmen" had...

Libya Agrees Lockerbie Compensation Payout
Libya will pay $10m (£6.3m) to each of the 270 victims of the 1988 Lockerbie airliner bombing after accepting civil responsibility for the blast, the country's foreign minister, Abdel Rahman Shalgham, said today. "My country has accepted civil responsibility for the actions of its...

Lockerbie Bombing Deal Looks Imminent
Libya 'prepared to pay $10m compensation to each family'.

Bomber's Family Returns to Libya As Visas Run Out
Relatives of the Lockerbie bomber left their Scottish home yesterday, days before their visas ran out, and returned to Libya to reapply for permission to live in Britain. Under Home Office rules, the family of Abdel Baset al-Megrahi have to return to their home country in order to reapply...

Libya Working to Extend the Range of Its Missiles
The Libyan government is continuing to develop its missile programme in spite of concern expressed by the US and Britain, according to a senior Libyan source. Libya has Scuds that have a range of up to 350 kilometres (220 miles) and is seeking to extend this to 500 kilometres (310 miles)...

Gadafy's Power in Central Africa Slips Away
Libya has withdrawn a small army unit which has been guarding the government of the Central African Republic in its capital, Bangui, for the past 19 months. The estimated 300 soldiers slipped away without fanfare in recent days, abandoning Colonel Muammar Gadafy's toehold in the former...

Aide says Nidal confessed to Lockerbie bombing
The Palestinian terrorist Abu Nidal admitted to a meeting of his most trusted colleagues that he was behind the 1988 Lockerbie plane bombing and the culprits were not Libyans, it is claimed today in a leading Arabic newspaper.

Gadafy's New Plan: to Bring Libya in From the Cold - Through Football
Leader buys into Greek and Italian clubs in quest for fast track to global rehabilitation.

Gadafy's Big Tent is No Circus
August 8: The west may view him as a clown, but Libya's dictator is increasingly powerful within Africa. Britain cannot afford to shun him, says Simon Tisdall.

Foreign Office Minister Meets Gadafy
A Foreign Office minister yesterday had lengthy talks with the Libyan leader, Colonel Muammar Gadafy, once regarded as a prime sponsor of terrorism.

Minister in talks with Gadafy
Foreign office minister Mike O'Brien was today holding talks with the Libyan president, Muammar Gadafy, in an attempt to enlist his support in the war against international terrorism.

Dad, you're in my painting!
Guardian art writer Jonathan Jones assesses the creative talents of Saif al-Islam Gadafy. Visionaries are rare in this workaday world, so we should all be grateful for Saif al-Islam Gadafy, architect, philanthropist, and Libya's leading artist, at least according to the exhibition The Desert Is Not Silent, organised by his own foundation, that opens today in Kensington Gardens.

Mandela Appeals on Behalf of Lockerbie Bomber
Former South African president Nelson Mandela today called for a fresh appeal in the case of the Lockerbie bomber Abdel Baset al-Megrahi, and asked that the prisoner be transferred to serve out his sentence nearer his native Libya. Mr Mandela met with al-Megrahi for more than an hour at...

Mandela to Visit Jailed Lockerbie Bomber
The former South African president, Nelson Mandela, hopes next week to visit the Libyan convicted of the Lockerbie bombing. A spokeswoman for Mr Mandela said yesterday he planned to visit Abdel Baset al-Megrahi in Barlinnie prison, Glasgow, to check on his welfare. Mr Mandela...

Libya Will Compensate Lockerbie Relatives
Libya will attempt to take its first step on the path toward re-entering the international community next week when officials from Tripoli and the US and British governments meet in London to discuss the £1.86bn compensation deal on offer to the Lockerbie families. Officials from the...

US Likely to Veto Lockerbie 'blood Money' Offer
Families of British victims killed in the Lockerbie bombing today branded the £7m each family is set to receive in compensation from the Libyan government as "blood money".

Libya offers $2.7bn to Lockerbie families
The Libyan government has promised to pay $10m (£6.9) compensation to each of the 270 families bereaved in the Lockerbie bombing, a law firm representing many of the relatives revealed last night.

Allies Tell Libya to Accept Un Demands and End Isolation
Britain and the US joined forces yesterday to call on Libya to comply with a series of UN security council resolutions on the Lockerbie bombing.

Lockerbie's Memorial: One Guilty Man Starts Life in a Scottish Cell
The Libyan intelligence agent who murdered 270 people in the Lockerbie bombing experienced his first night in the Scottish jail cell last night, where he will spend the next 20 years.

Lockerbie Bomber Loses Appeal
Appeal rejected 'on all grounds' - Defence: 'Two other avenues of appeal' - Straw urges Libya to pay victims