Ginkgo Biloba Side Effects

Being the last living species of the family Ginkgoaceae, and genus Ginkgo, Ginkgo biloba is regarded as a living fossil. It is also known as the Maidenhair tree. It has been used for a long time in Chinese traditional medicine for a number of ailments, including asthma, bronchitis and brain disorders. It is a large tree that can grow up to a height of 35 meters. Some species can even reach a height of 50 meters. The leaves of this tree are used widely to prepare Ginkgo biloba extract, that is used in herbal medicine.

Benefits of Ginkgo Biloba
It is mainly known for enhancing memory, by improving blood circulation to the brain. Therefore, its extract is widely used to treat dementia and Alzheimer's disease. It has been found that this herb may prove useful in improving memory, as well as thinking and learning abilities in the patients of Alzheimer's disease. It is also used to treat circulatory disorders, due to its stimulating effect on blood circulation.

The main active compounds found in Ginkgo biloba are, flavonoids and terpenoids, which are powerful antioxidants. They can protect the body cells, including those of brain, from the oxidative damage caused by the free radicals and thereby, lower the risk for various diseases including cancer, dementia, Alzheimer's disease and heart disease. Apart from these, it may also help in certain eye disorders, asthma, macular degeneration, infertility, besides preventing plaque formation within the arteries.

Ginkgo Biloba Dangers
Despite all the health benefits, several studies have revealed its side effects. People having circulatory disorders are more likely to experience its side effects. Bleeding can be termed as an important side effect of this herb, especially if taken by the people having bleeding disorders. Similarly, if taken with anticoagulant drugs like, warfarin, it can raise the risk for increased bruising or bleeding. In addition to anticoagulant drugs, people taking antidepressant medications should also avoid this herb or its supplements.

Headaches, gastrointestinal problems like, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, palpitation, dizziness and muscle weakness are some of its side effects. Anxiety is another commonly reported side effect of this herb. Some studies have pointed out that, Ginkgo biloba can have an effect on the level of blood sugar as well. Therefore, people with diabetes as well as hypoglycemia should be very cautious, while using its supplements.

The leaves and seeds of Ginkgo biloba tree have been found to contain some allergens and toxic compounds like, urushiols and ginkgotoxin. Ginkgotoxin, present in the seeds of the tree can cause seizures, while the allergen, urushiols can cause severe allergic reactions like, skin rash, itching, hives, difficult breathing and swelling of the face, mouth and throat in some individuals. Such allergic reactions call for immediate medical attention. Apart from allergic reactions, seizures, nosebleeds, increased bleeding, blood in stool, black stool, vomiting blood, numbness in hands and legs, and vision and speech alteration are some other serious side effects.

If used in moderation, healthy individuals usually experience only some minor side effects. But still, this herb should be taken only under the guidance of a herbalist, or a health care professional. As this herb may interact with certain medications, you should always consult your physician while using Ginkgo biloba along with them.