Clinical Manifestations Diagnosis Common Cold

Acute upper respiratory tract infections generally are divided into the following five types:

Common Cold
This familiar syndrome is characterized mainly by nasal obstruction with discharge, sore throat, sneezing, hoarseness, varying degrees of malaise, cough,sinusitis and otitis. Fever is usually absent in adults but may be present in small children.

Croup (Laryngotracheobronchitis)
This is most commonly a parainfluenza virus infection of small children with anatomic location in the subglottal area. It produces hoarseness, a "seal bark" cough and signs of upper airway obstruction with inspiratory stridor xiphoid and suprasternal retraction, but no pain on swallowing.

Herpangina
This disorder is commonly a Coxsackie. A virus infection of small children with sore throat and fever. The epiglottis is markedly swollen with a cherry red appearance.

Pharyngo Conjunctival Fever
The causes of this disorder are adenovirus, Coxsackie and Influenza A, B and C virus, and it is characterized mainly by fever, sore throat, increased discharge in the eyes, photophobia and congestion of conjunctiva.

Bacterial Pharyngotonsillitis
The most common cause of the illness is hemolytic streptococcus, pneumococcus and staphylococcus. Its features are abrupt onset with chills and fever, and marked congestion of the pharynx. The temperature is above 39 C and the tonsil is enlarged with yellowish exudate on the superficial mucosa.

Chinese Medicine Diagnosis
Essentials of diagnosis are: Abrupt onset with fever, chills, malaise, cough, coryza and muscle aches. Pain, fever and catarrhal symptoms. Secondary bacterial infection with increased white blood cell. Chest x-ray is normal.

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