Cells in the Human Body

The smallest unit of life, a cell carries out the basic functions of the body. A variety of cells are present in the human body. Cells are bound by a cell membrane; the nucleus & cell organelles are important components of cells.

Different Cells in the Human Body
The different types of cells found in the human body are enlisted in the following tables. Let us start with the skin which is the outermost part of the body.

Skin Cells or Integumentary Cells

Epidermal keratinocyte	Keratinocyte of fingernails and toenails
Epidermal basal cell	Medullary hair shaft cell
Nail bed basal cell	Cuticular hair shaft cell
Cortical hair shaft cell	Hair root sheath cell of Huxley's layer
Cuticular hair root sheath cell	External hair root sheath cell
Hair root sheath cell of Henle's layer	Hair matrix cell

Nervous System Cells
The different types of nervous system cells are enlisted in the tables given below.

Neurons of Central Nervous System

Astrocyte	Oligodendrocyte
Neuron cells	Spindle neuron

Autonomic Neuron Cells

Cholinergic neural cell

Peptidergic neural cell

Adrenergic neural cell

Sensory Transducer Cells

Photoreceptor cells of retina in eye	Olfactory receptor neuron
Pain-sensitive primary sensory neurons	Merkel cell of epidermis
Cold-sensitive primary sensory neurons	Heat-sensitive primary sensory neurons
Auditory outer hair cell of organ of Corti	Basal cell of olfactory epithelium
Auditory inner hair cell of organ of Corti	Touch-sensitive primary sensory neurons
Proprioceptive primary sensory neurons	Type I hair cell of vestibular apparatus of ear
Type II hair cell of vestibular apparatus of ear	Type I carotid body cell
Type II carotid body cell	Type I taste bud cell

Peripheral Neuron Supporting and Sense Organ Cells

Outer phalangeal cell of organ of Corti	Inner phalangeal cell of organ of Corti
Outer pillar cell of organ of Corti	Inner pillar cell of organ of Corti
Hensen cell of organ of Corti	Border cell of organ of Corti
Taste bud supporting cell	Vestibular apparatus supporting cell
Schwann cell	Olfactory epithelium supporting cell
Enteric glial cell	Satellite cell

Hormone Secreting Cells

Somatotropes	Thyrotropes
Lactotropes	Corticotropes
Gonadotrope Cells	Magnocellular neurosecretory cells
Intermediate pituitary cell	Thyroid gland cells
Gut and respiratory tract cells	Adrenal gland cells
Parathyroid gland cells	Leydig cell of testes
Corpus luteum cell	Theca interna cell
Macula densa cell	Juxtaglomerular cell
Mesangial cell	Peripolar cell

Gland Cells

Salivary gland serous cell	Salivary gland mucous cell
Mammary gland cell	Von Ebner's gland cell in tongue
Ceruminous gland cell in ear	Lacrimal gland cell
Eccrine sweat gland clear cell	Eccrine sweat gland dark cell
Gland of Moll cell in eyelid	Apocrine sweat gland cell
Bowman's gland cell in nose	Sebaceous gland cell
Seminal vesicle cell	Brunner's gland cell in duodenum
Bowman's gland cell in nose	Prostate gland cell
Seminal vesicle cell	Bartholin's gland cell
Bulbourethral gland cell	Uterus endometrium cell
Gland of Littre cell	Stomach lining mucous cell
Isolated goblet cell	Gastric gland oxyntic cell
Gastric gland zymogenic cell	Paneth cell of small intestine
Pancreatic acinar cell	Clara cell of lung
Type II pneumocyte of lung

Epithelial Cells

Blood vessel and lymphatic vascular endothelial fenestrated cell	Blood vessel and lymphatic vascular endothelial splenic cell
Blood vessel and lymphatic vascular endothelial continuous cell	Serosal cell
Synovial cell	Squamous cell
Columnar cell	Vestibular membrane cell
Dark cell	Stria vascularis marginal cell
Stria vascularis basal cell	Cell of Boettcher
Cell of Claudius	Pia-arachnoid squamous cell
Choroid plexus cell	Nonpigmented ciliary epithelium cell of eye
Pigmented ciliary epithelium cell of eye	Corneal endothelial cell

Extracellular Matrix Secretion Cells

Ameloblast epithelial cell	Organ of Corti interdental epithelial cell
Planum semilunatum epithelial cell	Corneal fibroblasts
Loose connective tissue fibroblasts	Bone marrow reticular tissue fibroblasts
Tendon fibroblasts	Pericyte
Other nonepithelial fibroblasts	Cementoblast/cementocyte
Nucleus pulposus cell of intervertebral disc	Hyaline cartilage chondrocyte
Odontoblast/odontocyte	Elastic cartilage chondrocyte
Fibrocartilage chondrocyte	Osteoprogenitor cell
Osteoblast/osteocyte	Stellate cell of perilymphatic space of ear
Hyalocyte of vitreous body of eye	Pancreatic stellate cell
Hepatic stellate cell

Immune System and Blood Cells

Erythrocyte	Monocyte
Megakaryocyte	Epidermal Langerhans cell
Connective tissue macrophage	Dendritic cell
Osteoclast	Neutrophil granulocyte
Microglial cell	Basophil granulocyte
Eosinophil granulocyte	Helper T cell
Mast cell	Cytotoxic T cell
Suppressor T cell	B cell
Natural Killer T cell	Reticulocyte
Natural killer cell	Stem cell

Contractile Cells

White skeletal muscle cell	Red skeletal muscle cell
Nuclear bag cell of muscle spindle	Intermediate skeletal muscle cell
Nuclear chain cell of muscle spindle	Purkinje fiber cell
Satellite cell	Ordinary heart muscle cell
Nodal heart muscle cell	Myoepithelial cell of iris
Smooth muscle cell	Myoepithelial cell of exocrine glands

Ciliated Cells

Respiratory tract ciliated cell	Uterine endometrial ciliated cell
Oviduct ciliated cell	Rete testis ciliated cell
Ciliated ependymal cell	Ductulus efferens ciliated cell

Barrier Function Cells

Kidney glomerulus parietal cell	Kidney proximal tubule brush border cell
Kidney glomerulus podocyte	Kidney distal tubule cell
Loop of Henle thin segment cell	Kidney collecting duct cell
Pancreatic duct cell	Type I pneumocyte
Nonstriated duct cell	Intestinal brush border cell
Duct cell	Gallbladder epithelial cell
Exocrine gland striated duct cell	Epididymal principal cell
Ductulus efferens nonciliated cell	Epididymal basal cell

Storage and Metabolism Cells

White fat cell	Hepatocyte
Liver lipocyte	Brown fat cell

The cells in the human body change in number, depending on the size of a person and due to many other factors. The types of these cells are however, have been enlisted in the article above.