Basic Rules of Golf

The game plan of golf, is to use different types of clubs, to hit a golf ball across a determined path on a golf course. The path is determined by a number of specially carved niches or golf holes and the winner is one who manages to complete the path with the lowest number of swings or strokes. Golf is a game of precision and focus. It demands adherence to a number of rules and regulations that dictate moves on the green. It is one of the few ball games that is not restricted to a standardized playing area. The game plan is defined as 'striking a ball with a club, from the starting point or teeing ground into the preset holes, via successive strokes'.

Basic Rules of Golf:

A golf course flaunts a unique design and lay-out. It typically comprises either 9 or 18 holes. 'Stroke Play' competitions involve calculations of the lowest number of strokes played, while the 'Match Play' games calculate the lowest score on maximum individual holes, by an individual or team. Every game of a golf follows a predetermined path, according to the placement of the number of holes in a given order. The game commences when the ball is struck from a tee on the teeing box. The ball can only be stuck again when it rests. Sinking the ball in the holes, with as few strokes as possible, could be impeded by a number of hazards. Hazards, in the game of golf, refer to sand bunkers, rough patches of land or water bodies. Players may drive in motorized carts or walk across the golf course, along with caddies. Caddies usually carry the golfing gear around for the player and also offer advice.

Golf rules and regulations are now internationally standardized, and are jointly governed by the USGA or United States Golf Association, and the R&A or the Royal and Ancient Golf Club of St Andrews. Golfers are expected to abide by golf etiquette guidelines, that specify the standards of safety, pace of play, fairness and the golfer's obligation to care for the course. Penalties are incurred if a player uses an extra swing or rule infractions, cheating and signing in acceptance of a lower score.

Golf Penalties:

Golf penalties are assessed if the ball is subjected to:

• A hit into an unplayable position.
• An out-of-bound position.
• Equipment triggered acceleration.
• Removal of a loose impediment.
• A parallel strike at the wrong ball.

Equipment Regulations for the Game of Golf:

• Golf clubs, with a lance on the top and club-head at the bottom, to hit a golf ball.
• Woods, for 'fairway' shots at a distance.
• Irons, for a variety of shots.
• Putters, to strike the ball into the cup.
• Golf balls with 'dents' or 'dimples', to decrease aerodynamic drag.
• Tee, to rest the ball on top, only for the first stroke being played for each hole.
• Golf shoes with spikes, to increase traction.
• Golf bag, to transport golf clubs, tees, gloves and balls.

Golf Stroke Techniques:

• A golfer should always begin the game facing the target from the non-dominant side of the body. This is to ensure that the body and club are parallel to the target. A closed stance for long distance shots and a more open stance for shorter distances.
• In the case of short irons and putters, the ball should be positioned in the center, a little forward for middle irons and even further for long irons and woods.
• When playing with middle irons and putters, the feet should be shoulder width apart. In the case of short irons the feet should be closer together, while remaining wider for long irons and woods.
• The golfer needs to choose a 'stroke' according to the distance being played. A 'drive' is used in long distance shots, while an 'approach' is used in mid distance shots. He must choose a 'chip' to play short distance shots, to land the ball on the green with minimal strikes. A 'putt' is used to play short distance shots.
• Body-weight should be more on the front foot when playing short irons and middle irons and putters, by equally on both feet in the case of long irons and woods.

The other rules and regulations specify the 'scoring' and 'handicapping' basics, while defining the basic forms of golf that are all integral parts of the game plan specified above. The game takes more than proficiency in technical and physical ability. It is a combination of mental visualization, physical conditioning and on-course play.